RESUMO
PROPOSE: To report two cases of severe acute multi-systemic failure with bilateral ocular toxoplasmosis in immunocompetent patients from urban settings in Colombia. OBSERVATIONS: We report two immunocompetent male patients aged 44- and 67-years-old who, despite not having visited the Amazonian region in Colombia, had severe bilateral posterior uveitis and extensive-bilateral macular lesions and multiple organ failure that required admission to an intensive care unit. Toxoplasma gondii was positive by PCR assay in vitreous humor samples. Patients were treated with intravitreal clindamycin and dexamethasone in addition to systemic treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. In both patients, infection by atypical strains was confirmed; in one case by serotyping and in another one by genotyping (ROP 18 virulent allele). After 2 and 4 months of treatment respectively, the patients showed improvement of the posterior uveitis and its systemic manifestations. However, there was no significant visual acuity improvement due to bilateral extensive macular involvement. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPORTANCE: Clinicians should be aware that toxoplasmosis originating from South America could be associated with severe acute multisystemic and intraocular bilateral involvement, even in patients with no history of exposure to jungle environments.
RESUMO
Objetivo: describir el seguimiento clínico por 24 años de una ruptura coroidea y su neovascularización coroidea secundaria a trauma ocular cerrado. Efectuar una revisión bibliográfica de esta patología. Destacar la importancia de observaciones prolongadas para completar su historia natural. Diseño: reporte de caso no intervencionista. Método: retrospectivo, en caso de trauma ocular cerrado y sus consecuencias estudiadas en seguimiento cuidadoso de 24 años y la ayuda diagnóstica de la tomografía óptica coherente, la fluoroangiografía y el campo visual. Resultado: reconocimiento de glaucoma y catarata que disminuyeron la visión a 20/120 veinticuatro años después de la contusión ocular. Conclusión: La neovascularizacion coroidea secundaria a ruptura coroidea traumática subfoveal aparece en tiempo variable luego de trauma ocular contuso, compromete la recuperación anatómica y visual, y es de pronóstico reservado de acuerdo con su localización según hallazgos en observación prolongada.
Purpose: to describe findings and follow-up for 24 years in a choroidal rupture with secondary choroidal neovascularization following closed ocular trauma. To perform a literature review on this topic. To remark the importance of long follow-up to complete natural history of disease. Design: non-interventional case report. Methods: retrospective, in a case ofbclosed ocular trauma and sequels on a follow-up of 24 years using optical coherence tomography and fl uorescein angiography as diagnostic techniques. Results: recognition of glaucoma, cataract and decreased visual acuity to 20/120. Conclusion: choroidal neovascularization following indirect subfoveal traumatic choroidal rupture may occur in variable time after blunt trauma, affecting ocular structures and visual function with poor prognosis demonstrated on long follow-up.
